"""
Authors: CS111 faculty
Consulted:
Purpose: CS111 Lab 5 Solutions: loops
Filename: lab05.py
"""

# --------------------------------------------------------------

import random   # to generate random star placement 


# ---------------------------------------------------
# -------------------- PART 1 -----------------------
# ---------------------------------------------------

def box(size, char):
    '''Draws a box of size using given char'''
    for side in range(size):
        print(char * size)

def boxWhile(size, char):
    '''Draws a box of size using given char'''
    rows = 0
    while rows < size:
       print(char*size)
       rows +=1

def rect(width, height, char):
    '''Draws a rectangle that is height x width dimensions using given char'''
    for length in range(height):
        print(char * width)

def rectWhile(width, height, char):
    '''Draws a rectangle that is height x width dimensions using given char'''
    rows = 0
    while rows < height:
        print(char * width)
        rows +=1
        
def triangle(height, char):
    '''Draws a triangle that increases in length with each successive line
    so that the final line of the triangle contains height characters'''
    for bar in range(1,height+1): # need height + 1 to get the full height
        print(char * bar)

def triangleWhile(height, char):
    '''Draws a triangle that increases in length with each successive line
    so that the final line of the triangle contains height characters'''
    row = 1
    while row <= height:
        print(char * row)
        row += 1

def findMultiplesOf(start, stop, factor):
    '''Prints all the multiples of factor between start and stop, inclusive'''
    count = 0
    for num in range(start, stop+1):
         if num % factor == 0:
              print(num)
              count +=1
    print('There are',count,'multiples of',factor,'between',start,'and',str(stop)+'.')

def findMultiplesOfWhile(start, stop, factor):
    '''Prints all the multiples of factor between start and stop, inclusive'''
    count = 0
    num = start
    while num <= stop:
         if num % factor == 0:
              print(num)
              count +=1
         num += 1
    print('There are',count,'multiples of',factor,'between',start,'and',str(stop)+'.')
   
def addOdds(num):
    '''Returns the sum of odd numbers up to and including the
    given number'''
    result = 0
    for i in range(1,num+1):
        if i%2==1:
            result += i
    return result

def addOddsWhile(num):
    '''Returns the sum of odd numbers up to and including the
    given number'''
    result = 0
    currentNum = 1
    while currentNum <= num:
        if currentNum % 2 == 1:
            result += currentNum
        currentNum += 1
    return result

def makeN(height, char):
    '''Draws a capital letter N made up of given char with given height.
    The entire width of the capital letter N is height + 2. There is always
    a char in the leftmost column and also in the rightmost column, and there
    is a third character and (height-1) spaces in between. The third character moves
    progressively to the right with each successive line to form the 
    slant of the N. 
    '''
    for bar in range(height):
        spaceBefore = bar
        spaceAfter = height - bar - 1
        # note: spaceBefore + spaceAfter = height - 1
        print(char + ' '* spaceBefore + char + ' ' * spaceAfter + char)

def makeNWhile(height, char):
    '''Draws a capital letter N made up of given char with given height.
    The entire width of the capital letter N is height + 2. There is always
    a char in the leftmost column and also in the rightmost column, and there
    is a third character and (height-1) spaces in between. The third character moves
    progressively to the right with each successive line to form the 
    slant of the N. 
    '''
    row = 0
    while row < height:
        spaceBefore = row
        spaceAfter = height - row - 1
        print(char + ' '* spaceBefore + char + ' ' * spaceAfter + char)
        row += 1


# ---------------------------------------------------
# -------------------- PART 2 -----------------------
# ---------------------------------------------------

def getWordValue(word):
    """Returns value of a word, where each vowel (a,e,i,o,u) counts as 5 and
    each consonant counts as 1"""
    total= 0
    for letter in word:
        letter = letter.lower() # make the letter lower case
        if letter in 'aeiou':
            total += 5
        elif letter in 'bcdfghjklmnpqrstvwxyz': # put all consonants in one string
            total += 1
    return total

print('Testing getWordValue')
print(getWordValue('hello'))
print(getWordValue('I'))
print(getWordValue('ouch'))
print(getWordValue('WELLESLEY'))
print(getWordValue('Go 123 Wellesley!!!!'))

#-----------------------------------------------------

# Writing string functions
def starify(word):
    """Return a new string containing the original word with stars after each
    letter"""
    stars = ""
    for letter in word:
        stars = stars + letter + '*'
    return stars

print('Testing starify')
print(starify('OMG'))
print(starify('wicked'))
print(starify('Starry'))

# --------------------------------------------------------------
# This is a BUGGY version of betterStarify because if the word
# happens to contain the last letter of the word more than once,
# e.g. "wow" or "tent" or "roadrunner", then any occurrence
# of the last letter would not get a '*' after it, e.g. "wo*w"
# or "te*n*t" or "ro*a*d*ru*n*n*e*r".
def betterStarifyBuggy(word):
    """Return a new string containing the original word with stars between each
    letter (no star at the end)"""
    stars = ""
    for letter in word:
        if letter != word[-1]: # not the last letter
            stars = stars + letter + '*'
        else:
            stars = stars + letter
    return stars

# If word happens to be empty, then this version will generate an error
# e.g. betterStarify1("") because the line indicated below accesses
# the last character of an empty string
def betterStarify1(word):
    """Return a new string containing the original word with stars between each
    letter (no star at the end)"""

    # Special case to handle empty string, since ''[-1] gives index error. 
    if word == '':
        return ''

    stars = ""

    # Put star after the letter at every index but last
    # Note that len(word) - 1 is the index of the last letter in the word
    for index in range(len(word) - 1): 
        stars = stars + word[index] + '*'

    # Add last letter w/o star
    stars = stars + word[-1] # will generate error if word is empty string
    return stars

# This version handles the special case if word is the empty string
def betterStarify2(word):
    """Return a new string containing the original word with stars between each
    letter (no star at the end)"""

    # Special case to handle empty string, since ''[-1] gives index error. 
    if word == '':
        return ''

    stars = ""

    # Put star after the letter at every index but last
    for letter in word[0:-1]:
        stars = stars + letter + '*'

    # Add last letter w/o star
    stars = stars + word[-1]
    return stars

print('Testing betterStarify')
print(betterStarifyBuggy('OMG'))
print(betterStarifyBuggy('wicked'))
print(betterStarifyBuggy('Starry'))
print(betterStarifyBuggy('bob'))
print(betterStarifyBuggy(''))

print('Testing betterStarify1')
print(betterStarify1('OMG'))
print(betterStarify1('wicked'))
print(betterStarify1('Starry'))
print(betterStarify1('bob'))
print(betterStarify1(''))

print('Testing betterStarify2')
print(betterStarify2('OMG'))
print(betterStarify2('wicked'))
print(betterStarify2('Starry'))
print(betterStarify2('bob'))
print(betterStarify2(''))

# ---------------- starrySky ----------------------------------------------
import random
def starTime():
    """Returns True 20 percent of the time; False 80 percent of the time
    """
    return random.random() > 0.80

def makeOneRow(rowLength):
    """Returns a string of length rowLength that contains * and -.
    The string is built by adding a * when starTime is True;
    otherwise, a dash is added to the string.
    """
    row = ''
    for r in range(rowLength):
        if starTime():
            row += '*'
        else:
            row += '-'
    return row
        
def starrySky(height, width):
    """Returns a string that represents a starry sky. The multi-line
    string has dimensions height x width and is composed of rows
    created by calls to makeOneRow. The sky contains a newline
    character (\n) at the end of each row.
    """
    sky = ''
    for r in range(rows):
        sky += makeOneRow(width) + '\n'
    return sky



# --------------------------------------------------------------

# isVowel is borrowed from Lecture 6
def isVowel(s):
    l = s.lower()
    return (l == 'a' or l == 'e' or l == 'i' or
            l == 'o' or l == 'u')

def lottaVowels(word):
    Vcount = 0
    for letter in word:
        if isVowel(letter):
            Vcount += 1
        if Vcount > 2:
            return True # yay! Found more than 2 vowels

    # Note that we are outside the loop here.  The only way 
    # to get to this point is if all letters in the word 
    # have been visited, and the vowel count is less than or equal to 2
    return False 

print(lottaVowels('OMG'))
print(lottaVowels('hello'))
print(lottaVowels('ABBA'))
print(lottaVowels('GottaLOVEABBA'))
print(lottaVowels('piano'))
print(lottaVowels('eee'))
print(lottaVowels('gummybears'))
print(lottaVowels('laugh'))

# --------------------------------------------------------------
def checkPassword(word):
    """Returns True if valid password, False otherwise. Password must contain
    a mix of upper and lower case letters, at least 1 number and 1 special
    character from this set: !#$%&*"""
    foundUpper = False
    foundLower = False
    foundNum = False
    foundSpecial = False
    for symbol in word:
        if symbol.islower():
            foundLower = True
        if symbol.isupper():
            foundUpper = True
        if symbol.isdigit():
            foundNum = True
        if symbol in '!#$%*':
            foundSpecial = True
        if foundUpper and foundLower and foundNum and foundSpecial:
            return True
    # We are outside the loop here, and the only way to get here
    # is if the password does not meet the specified criteria
    return False

print('Testing checkPassword')
print(checkPassword('hello123'))
print(checkPassword('PASSWORD'))
print(checkPassword('myPASSWORD?'))
print(checkPassword('loveMyDogCharlie!'))
print(checkPassword('CS111#rocksmyworld'))
print(checkPassword('running99*FAST'))


# --------------------------------------------------------------

# returns true 50% of time
def capitalize():
     coin = random.randint(1,2) # returns a number between 1 and 2, inclusive
     return  coin == 1

def ransom(sentence):
    """generate ransom note in mixed upper and lower case"""
    newsentence = ""
    for letter in sentence:
        if capitalize():
           newsentence = newsentence + letter.upper()
        else:
           newsentence = newsentence + letter.lower()
    return newsentence


print("ransom(Must provide chocolate to get your teddy bear back)")
print(ransom("Must provide chocolate to get your teddy bear back"))

print("ransom(Meet me at grand central station with harry styles and a million dollars tonight)")
print(ransom("Meet me at grand central station with harry styles and a million dollars tonight"))